楮树韧皮纤维及其制备方法和应用.pdf

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摘要
申请专利号:

CN02151540.9

申请日:

2002.12.31

公开号:

CN1511978A

公开日:

2004.07.14

当前法律状态:

撤回

有效性:

无权

法律详情:

发明专利申请公布后的视为撤回|||实质审查的生效|||公开

IPC分类号:

D01C1/02

主分类号:

D01C1/02

申请人:

任宗一;

发明人:

任宗一

地址:

271000山东省泰安市迎胜东路卫校西邻(市煤气公司宿舍)

优先权:

专利代理机构:

代理人:

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内容摘要

本项发明是关于楮树韧皮纤维及其制备方法,本发明的方法包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤,所制备出的楮树皮纤维平均长度:6.38-10.21cm,平均宽度:15.0-35.5cm,断裂强度为:>6TEX/CN。应用该发明可使纯纺纱达到36nm,与棉混纺纱达到21s,与丝毛混纺达到50nm天然纤维。本发明的产品有优于或类似于棉纤维的性能,吸湿透气强,并且具有天然丝绸的光泽,适宜用作高档纺织面料、服装及生活用品等,售价为棉纤维的一半。因此,本发明为天然纤维家族又增添了一个新品种,为节省棉花资源,利用楮树皮开创了一条新途径。

权利要求书

1: 1、一种楮树韧皮纤维,其特征在于楮树韧皮纤维 用作纺织原料,楮树纤维的平均长度:6.38-10.21cm, 平均宽度:15.0-35.5cm,断裂强度为:>6TEX/CN。 2、一种楮树韧皮纤维地制备方法,其特征在于 包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤。 3、如权利要求2的方法,其特征在于脱胶通过 脱胶工艺和胶纱粗练工艺完成, 脱胶工艺: ①浸酸: 酸液配方:           硫酸:
2: 4g/L           JFC:                1.0g/L           T:                  40           t:                  20-30min ②煮练: 煮练采用常温常压煮练液配方:           NaOH:               3.5g/L           Na 2 CO 3 :
3: 0g/L           Na 2 SO 3 :           2.0g/L           水玻璃:             1.5g/L           保险粉:             1.5g/L           三聚磷酸纳:         1.5g/L           T:                  100           t:                  6h           残碱量:             0.5g/L停止煮练 ③水洗:T水=60℃              喷淋二遍,         t=30min ④拷打:4-6圈/盘(正、反)         水洗  随拷随洗 ⑤给油:乳化油配方:   果    油:      31%   油    酸:      4.0%   三乙醇胺:      2.3%   水:            62% 给乳化油量:           纤维总量:2.8-3.0% 给T:           90℃ t:             3.5h 给油添加:      0.5%的  Na 2 CO 3 胶纱粗练工艺:流程为:浸酸一水洗一煮练一水 洗一浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗; ①浸酸:H 2 SO 4        1.4g/L         JFC:         0.5g/L         T=40℃       t=40min ②水洗:T=40℃       t=5-10min t溶流液10min ③煮练:   NaOH                           2.8g/L   Na 2 CO 3                        2g/L   Na 2 SO 3                        2g/L   水玻璃:                       1.5g/L   三聚磷酸纳:                   1g/L   烷基磺酸纳:                   1g/L   T付缸:                        60℃   T主缸:                        110℃   t:                            90min   残碱量:                       0.8g/L ④水洗:60-70℃                  t:5-10min   溢流:10-15min ⑤浸酸:         H 2 SO 4                2g/L         JFC:                 0.5g/L         三聚磷酸纳:          0.8g/L         T付:30℃             t=15-20min ⑥亚漂:亚氯酸纳:            3.2g/L         硝酸纳:              2g/L         T主缸:               50℃  t=30min         残氯:                <0.8g/L ⑦水洗:40℃          5-10min          溢流10-15min ⑧氧漂:双氧水:                    2.1g/L         水玻璃:                    3g/L         三聚磷酸纳:                0.8g/L         烧碱调缸:                  PH=11-12         主缸:95-100℃              t=60min                                     PH=10.5-11 ⑨水洗:50℃        水洗10-15min   溢流PH=7
4: 5g/L           Na 2 CO 3 :           2.0g/L           Na 2 SO 3 :           2.0g/L           水玻璃:             1.5g/L           保险粉:             1.5g/L           三聚磷酸纳:         1.5g/L           T:                  100           t:                  6h           残碱量:             0.5g/L停止煮练 ③水洗:T水=60℃              喷淋二遍,         t=30min ④拷打:4-6圈/盘(正、反)         水洗  随拷随洗 ⑤给油:乳化油配方:   果    油:      31%   油    酸:
5: 0%   三乙醇胺:      2.3%   水:            62% 给乳化油量:           纤维总量:2.8-3.0% 给T:           90℃ t:             3.5h 给油添加:      0.5%的  Na 2 CO 3 胶纱粗练工艺:流程为:浸酸一水洗一煮练一水 洗一浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗; ①浸酸:H 2 SO 4        1.4g/L         JFC:         0.5g/L         T=40℃       t=40min ②水洗:T=40℃       t=5-10min t溶流液10min ③煮练:   NaOH                           2.8g/L   Na 2 CO 3                        2g/L   Na 2 SO 3                        2g/L   水玻璃:                       1.5g/L   三聚磷酸纳:                   1g/L   烷基磺酸纳:                   1g/L   T付缸:                        60℃   T主缸:                        110℃   t:                            90min   残碱量:                       0.8g/L ④水洗:60-70℃                  t:5-10min   溢流:10-15min ⑤浸酸:         H 2 SO 4                2g/L         JFC:                 0.5g/L         三聚磷酸纳:          0.8g/L         T付:30℃             t=15-20min ⑥亚漂:亚氯酸纳:            3.2g/L         硝酸纳:              2g/L         T主缸:               50℃  t=30min         残氯:                <0.8g/L ⑦水洗:40℃          5-10min          溢流10-15min ⑧氧漂:双氧水:                    2.1g/L         水玻璃:                    3g/L         三聚磷酸纳:                0.8g/L         烧碱调缸:                  PH=11-12         主缸:95-100℃              t=60min                                     PH=10.5-11 ⑨水洗:50℃        水洗10-15min   溢流PH=7
6: 0-35.5cm,断裂强度为:>6TEX/CN。 2、一种楮树韧皮纤维地制备方法,其特征在于 包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤。 3、如权利要求2的方法,其特征在于脱胶通过 脱胶工艺和胶纱粗练工艺完成, 脱胶工艺: ①浸酸: 酸液配方:           硫酸:               1.4g/L           JFC:                1.0g/L           T:                  40           t:                  20-30min ②煮练: 煮练采用常温常压煮练液配方:           NaOH:               3.5g/L           Na 2 CO 3 :           2.0g/L           Na 2 SO 3 :           2.0g/L           水玻璃:             1.5g/L           保险粉:             1.5g/L           三聚磷酸纳:         1.5g/L           T:                  100           t:                  6h           残碱量:             0.5g/L停止煮练 ③水洗:T水=60℃              喷淋二遍,         t=30min ④拷打:4-6圈/盘(正、反)         水洗  随拷随洗 ⑤给油:乳化油配方:   果    油:      31%   油    酸:      4.0%   三乙醇胺:      2.3%   水:            62% 给乳化油量:           纤维总量:2.8-3.0% 给T:           90℃ t:             3.5h 给油添加:      0.5%的  Na 2 CO 3 胶纱粗练工艺:流程为:浸酸一水洗一煮练一水 洗一浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗; ①浸酸:H 2 SO 4        1.4g/L         JFC:         0.5g/L         T=40℃       t=40min ②水洗:T=40℃       t=5-10min t溶流液10min ③煮练:   NaOH                           2.8g/L   Na 2 CO 3                        2g/L   Na 2 SO 3                        2g/L   水玻璃:                       1.5g/L   三聚磷酸纳:                   1g/L   烷基磺酸纳:                   1g/L   T付缸:                        60℃   T主缸:                        110℃   t:                            90min   残碱量:                       0.8g/L ④水洗:60-70℃                  t:5-10min   溢流:10-15min ⑤浸酸:         H 2 SO 4                2g/L         JFC:                 0.5g/L         三聚磷酸纳:          0.8g/L         T付:30℃             t=15-20min ⑥亚漂:亚氯酸纳:            3.2g/L         硝酸纳:              2g/L         T主缸:               50℃  t=30min         残氯:                <0.8g/L ⑦水洗:40℃          5-10min          溢流10-15min ⑧氧漂:双氧水:                    2.1g/L         水玻璃:                    3g/L         三聚磷酸纳:                0.8g/L         烧碱调缸:                  PH=11-12         主缸:95-100℃              t=60min                                     PH=10.5-11 ⑨水洗:50℃        水洗10-15min   溢流PH=7
7: 38-10.21cm, 平均宽度:15.0-35.5cm,断裂强度为:>6TEX/CN。 2、一种楮树韧皮纤维地制备方法,其特征在于 包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤。 3、如权利要求2的方法,其特征在于脱胶通过 脱胶工艺和胶纱粗练工艺完成, 脱胶工艺: ①浸酸: 酸液配方:           硫酸:               1.4g/L           JFC:                1.0g/L           T:                  40           t:                  20-30min ②煮练: 煮练采用常温常压煮练液配方:           NaOH:               3.5g/L           Na 2 CO 3 :           2.0g/L           Na 2 SO 3 :           2.0g/L           水玻璃:             1.5g/L           保险粉:             1.5g/L           三聚磷酸纳:         1.5g/L           T:                  100           t:                  6h           残碱量:             0.5g/L停止煮练 ③水洗:T水=60℃              喷淋二遍,         t=30min ④拷打:4-6圈/盘(正、反)         水洗  随拷随洗 ⑤给油:乳化油配方:   果    油:      31%   油    酸:      4.0%   三乙醇胺:      2.3%   水:            62% 给乳化油量:           纤维总量:2.8-3.0% 给T:           90℃ t:             3.5h 给油添加:      0.5%的  Na 2 CO 3 胶纱粗练工艺:流程为:浸酸一水洗一煮练一水 洗一浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗; ①浸酸:H 2 SO 4        1.4g/L         JFC:         0.5g/L         T=40℃       t=40min ②水洗:T=40℃       t=5-10min t溶流液10min ③煮练:   NaOH                           2.8g/L   Na 2 CO 3                        2g/L   Na 2 SO 3                        2g/L   水玻璃:                       1.5g/L   三聚磷酸纳:                   1g/L   烷基磺酸纳:                   1g/L   T付缸:                        60℃   T主缸:                        110℃   t:                            90min   残碱量:                       0.8g/L ④水洗:60-70℃                  t:5-10min   溢流:10-15min ⑤浸酸:         H 2 SO 4                2g/L         JFC:                 0.5g/L         三聚磷酸纳:          0.8g/L         T付:30℃             t=15-20min ⑥亚漂:亚氯酸纳:            3.2g/L         硝酸纳:              2g/L         T主缸:               50℃  t=30min         残氯:                <0.8g/L ⑦水洗:40℃          5-10min          溢流10-15min ⑧氧漂:双氧水:                    2.1g/L         水玻璃:                    3g/L         三聚磷酸纳:                0.8g/L         烧碱调缸:                  PH=11-12         主缸:95-100℃              t=60min                                     PH=10.5-11 ⑨水洗:50℃        水洗10-15min   溢流PH=7

说明书


楮树韧皮纤维及其制备方法和应用

    一、技术领域

    本发明涉及一种韧皮纤维的脱胶和应用,具体地说是一种从楮(构)树皮中提取,并且可供纺织纤维之用的楮树韧皮纤维制备方法和应用。

    二、背景技术:

    现有技术中,韧皮纤维的开发仅仅局限于造纸,在造纸业中用于造浆的纤维为0.5cm以下为最佳。通过对楮树韧皮纤维的单纤长度、细度和强度的研究发现,楮树纤维更适合于作纺织原料,用于天然高档的纺织面料服装及生活用品。

    三、发明内容:

    本发明的目的之一就是提供一种可供纺织原料用的楮树韧皮纤维。

    本发明的目的之二就是提供一种从楮树皮中提取韧皮纤维的方法。

    在本发明中,本发明的方法包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤,所制备出的楮树皮纤维具有如下特征:

    平均长度:6.38-10.21cm

    平均宽度:15.0-35.5cm

    断裂强度为:

    脱胶工艺:

    ①浸酸:

    酸液配方:

        硫酸:          1.4g/L

        JFC:           1.0g/L

        T:             40℃

        t:             20-30min

    ②煮练:

      煮练采用常温常压煮练液配方:

            NaOH:                    3.5g/L

            Na2CO3:                2.0g/L

            Na2SO3:                2.0g/L

      水玻璃:                  1.5g/L

      保险粉:                  1.5g/L

      三聚磷酸纳:              1.5g/L

      T:                       100

      t:                       6h

      残碱量:                  0.5g/L停止煮练

    ③水洗:T水=60℃           喷淋二遍

      t=30min

    ④拷打:4-6圈/盘(正、反)

            水洗  随拷随洗

    ⑤给油:乳化油配方:

      果    油:      31%

      油    酸:      4.0%

      三乙醇胺:      2.3%

      水:            62%

      给乳化油量:    纤维总量:2.8-3.0%

      给T:           90℃

      t:             3.5h

      给油添加:      0.5%的  Na2CO3

    胶纱粗练工艺:流程为:浸酸一水洗一煮练一水洗一浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗;

    ①浸酸:H2SO4      1.4g/L

            JFC:         0.5g/L

            T=40℃       t=40min

    ②水洗:T=40℃       t=5-10min

      t溶流液10min

    ③煮练:

      NaOH                2.8g/L

      Na2CO3           2g/L

      Na2SO3                       2g/L

      水玻璃:                       1.5g/L

      三聚磷酸纳:                   1g/L

      烷基磺酸纳:                   1g/L

      T付缸:                        60℃

      T主缸:                        110℃

      t:                            90min

      残碱量:                       0.8g/L

    ④水洗:60-70℃                t:5-10min

      溢流:10-15min

    ⑤浸酸:

            H2SO4                  2g/L

            JFC:                    0.5g/L

            三聚磷酸纳:             0.8g/L

            T付:30℃                t=15-20min

    ⑥亚漂:亚氯酸纳:               3.2g/L

            硝酸纳:                 2g/L

            T主缸:                  50℃  t=30min

            残氯:                   <0.8g/L

    ⑦水洗:40℃                     5-10min

      溢流10-15min

    ⑧氧漂:双氧水:                     2.1g/L

            水玻璃:                     3g/L

            三聚磷酸纳,                 0.8g/L

            烧碱调缸:                   PH=11-12

            主缸:95-100℃               t=60min

                                         PH=10.5-11

    ⑨水洗:50℃        水洗10-15min

      溢流PH=7

    从以上可以看出,本发明的产品有优于或类似于棉纤维的性能,吸湿透气强,并且具有天然丝绸的光泽,适宜用作高档纺织面料、服装及生活用品等,售价为棉纤维的一半。因此,本发明为天然纤维家族又增添了一个新品种,为节省棉花资源,利用楮树皮开创了一条新途径。为崇尚自然,返朴归真的时尚生活,提供了丰富多彩的无公害纤维。

    四、具体实施方式

    适合于楮树韧皮纤维的工艺路线,1、脱胶2、梳理、纺纱。

    (1)、脱胶:挑选除杂理顺原料-扎把装笼-预酸-煮练-拷打(4-5圈)-水洗-脱水-拌松-给油-脱水-抖松-烘干(脱胶纤维)。

    (2)、梳理及纺纱

    a 干纺路线:

    脱胶纤维-软化-给油加湿堆仓养生-风干-Z002-C121C(1-2遍)-FY703-预并(1-2遍)-BR221A-预并-A191B-B311C(CZ)头梳-预并-B331C(CZ)贰梳-预并-精梳-四道针梳-B465A-FZ501

    b 湿纺路线:

    脱胶纤维-软化-给油加湿堆仓养生-风干-Z002-C121C(1-2遍)-FY703-预并(1-2遍)-B311C(CZ)头梳-预并-B311C(CZ)贰梳-预并-四道针梳-精梳-B465A-粗纱煮练-M88-L5。

    C 湿纺路线:

    圆梳纤维球、毛球、丝绵球-B412头混-B412贰混-预并(1-2遍)-B311C(CZ)复梳-

    d 短纤纯纺路线:

    e 棉纺路线:

    短纤

    混合-清花-梳棉-并条-粗纱-细纱-棉纤

    实施例:

    (18nm圆梳纤维球纯、湿纺工艺路线及产品试验技术)

    (一)工艺流程:

    挑选除杂理顺原料-扎把装笼-预酸-煮炼-拷打,(4-5圈)-水洗-脱水-抖松-给油-脱水一抖松-烘干-软化-给油-堆仓养生-Z002-c121C(1-2遍)-FZ703-预并(1-2遍)-B311(CT)头梳-预并-B311(CZ)贰梳-预并-四道针梳-精梳-B465A-粗纱煮炼-L5-18nm纯纺纱。

    (二)主要工艺参数及说明

    a、车间温度:22℃相对湿度64%

    b、脱胶工艺(煮炼)

       常温常压,---煮。

       煮炼液配方:

           NaOH:               4.0g/L

           Na2CO3:           2.0g/L

           Na2SO3:           2.0g/L

           水玻璃:             1.5g/L

           保险粉:             1.5g/L

           三聚磷酸钠:         1.5g/L

           T=100℃

           t=6h

           残碱量:             0.5g/L停车

    加大碱用量,用于去除胶量,提高纤维的分离度和纺纱支数。

    (3)粗纱亚漂工艺         溶比1∶10

      精纱定量:7.5g/10m    捻度:3.41/10cn

      卷绕密度:0.42g/10g

      浸酸一亚漂一水洗一氧漂一水洗

      浸酸配方:H2SO4       1.4g/L

                JFC           0.5g/L

                t=20min      T=30℃

      亚漂溶配方:

          NaCLO2:     2.0g/L

          NaNO3:      1.5g/L

          PH=3.3-4

          t=30min      T=50℃

    应用亚氧充分除杂、脱胶、提高了密度纤维支数,减少纺纱断头率。

    C、成品质量:

    18nm纯纺先后试验了干、湿纺总计10吨,基成纱质量为:纺纱类别    支数    nm  单强  cn  断裂  长度  km  重量  不匀  率%  重量  偏差  %    粗节    个    /800m   毛粒   个   /400m    条杆    平分    断头    根/    百锭    时湿纺    18  520  12.6  4.11  -0.2    22   84    90    44干纺    18  430  11.3  4.27  -0.71    27   89    80    56

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本项发明是关于楮树韧皮纤维及其制备方法,本发明的方法包括脱胶、梳理及纺纱等步骤,所制备出的楮树皮纤维平均长度:6.3810.21cm,平均宽度:15.035.5cm,断裂强度为:6TEX/CN。应用该发明可使纯纺纱达到36nm,与棉混纺纱达到21s,与丝毛混纺达到50nm天然纤维。本发明的产品有优于或类似于棉纤维的性能,吸湿透气强,并且具有天然丝绸的光泽,适宜用作高档纺织面料、服装及生活用品等,售。

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